4. CONSERVE WATER

 Introduction

Water is essential to our daily lives. Whenever water is used, there is a potential for conservation both inside and outside of your home or business. Fresh water is a limited resource, making water conservation an important factor for the environment.

 With population growth, expansion of industry, increasing levels of development activity, and the potential for climate change impacts there is increasing pressure placed on the province’s water resources. Whether you are on a municipal or a private domestic water supply, water conservation is a wise practice. 

Conserving water saves energy. Using less water keeps more in our ecosystems and helps to keep wetland habitats topped up for animals like otters, water voles, herons and fish.

In a nutshell, the conservation of water refers to the careful and sustainable use of water resources to prevent waste, ensure its availability for future generations, and protect ecosystems.

In our next chapters we shall look at the benefits of water conservations and simple ways in which we can conserve water to save our planet. 

Take a look at what our social media family when talking about water conservation:

WhatsApp 

Adam 

" Using water cautiously and not wasting it. " 

Instagram 

@aisha_bagha -

" Reduce water wastage."

@_real_rizwana -

" Not to waste water."

@rewireyourmindsetstrategy -

"Each drop of water is precious. Can't waste or use in a way that is not beneficial to anyone."  

ZERO HUNGER

What is Zero Hunger? 

Zero Hunger is the second in line of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) hoping to be met by the year 2030. 

Hunger is not caused by food shortage alone, but by a combination of natural, social, and political forces. 

Climate change is contributing to the degradation of precious resources, as severe weather events, like droughts, become more common and affect harvests, leading to less food for human consumption. 

Poverty and inequality are also two drivers of hunger, affecting who can buy food, as well as what kind of food, and how much, is available. 

Hunger is also a product of war and conflict. During periods of unrest, a country's economy and infrastructure can become severely damaged. This negatively affects civilian access to food by either driving up food prices, interfering with food production, or forcing people from their homes. 

Right now, there are around 815 million people who are hungry. This number is only expected to increase as the years go on; the UN estimates that two billion more people will be undernourished by 2050. The Zero Hunger SDG focuses on finding sustainable solutions to stop world hunger.

The goals of the Zero Hunger initiative are to end hunger and make sure that enough nutritious foods are available to people by 2030. Other aspects of the goal include ending all forms of malnutrition and promoting sustainable agriculture which we will focus on in our coming articles. 

Here are some of the definition of Zero Hunger by our social media family: 

Annakarima Sanders (Facebook) -

" EQUALITY FOR ALL ON THIS PLANET. 

As been shown, it can be if western countries could not collect 'the debts' of the poorer countries, we can begin equality. 

After Europe and other western countries robbed the now poor countries dry....they....should be more lenient on the poor countries" 

(Instagram)

@voiceoftheafricanyouth -

"Ability to sustain one's or a family's daily meals."

@dafinabread - 

"A 2030 goal to end hunger and provide nutritious food"

@zainab_akadir - 

"To end hunger and to make sure there is enough nutrition available"

@aisha_bagha -

" End hunger, achieve food security, promote sustainable agriculture." 

@mentor_quresha - 

" One of the SDG's put in place to eradicate hunger (people should be able to get basic food) "

@its_winnie_cheche -

" A state where everyone has access to sufficient and nutritious food." 

@_real_rizwana -

" To me that term means everyone has access to food w/out worrying about $$$" 

REFERENCES : https://www.nationalgeographic.org/

INSPIRATIONAL PEOPLE

 In this chapter we shall look at some inspirational people around the globe who have been and are strong warriors in the fight of climate change and a sustainable environment. We can learn a lot from their lives and follow their research, teachings, methods into a better world for our future. 

GRETA THUNBERG, SWEDEN

In August 2018, Swedish activist Greta Thunberg, 15, spent her school days outside the Swedish parliament calling for stronger action on climate change by holding up a sign reading "Skolstrejk för klimatet" (school strike for climate). Her image went viral and later that year, she addressed the United Nations Climate Change Conference, which sparked multiple school protests around the world. 

Her global influence has been dubbed the "Greta Effect" and she was named Time magazine's person of the year in 2019. She has received widespread recognition for her straight-talking manner, both in public and to political leaders around the world.

She is an inspiration to many, her age and elder. And those younger look up to her to follow her footsteps in taking climate action. 

THE LATE WANGARI MAATHAI; ENVIRONMENTALIST, NOBEL PRIZE WINNER. KENYA

The late Wangari Maathai had great persuasive powers working as Kenya’s assistant minister for the environment. Wangari single-handedly talked the Mexican army, French celebrities, Japanese geishas and thousands of schools to plant trees. She spent most of her life planting saplings. She was the founder of the Green Belt Movement, an initiative through which billions of trees have been planted and millions of more others pledged.

Wangari succeeded in putting deforestation high on the African agenda and made tree planting an act of change in which everyone must engage.

An inspiration many young environmental activists who continue her work in the country. 

CHRISTIANA FIGUERES, COSTA RICA

As head of the UN climate change convention, Christiana Figueres brought together the biggest voices in government, finance and technology, NGOs and activists to deliver the historic 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change. She persuaded 195 countries to commit to keeping a global temperature rise this century below two degrees Celsius. 

She's also the founder of the Global Optimism group, a platform which works with organizations to make their systems more sustainable. Her new book, The Future We Choose: Surviving The Climate Crisis, focuses on changing people's consciousness towards climate change and offers 10 actions which include building gender equality. Her goal is to halve our emissions by 2030.

DR JANE GOODALL, UK

In the early 1960s, 26-year-old Jane Goodall travelled from England to what is now Tanzania and ventured into the little-known world of wild chimpanzees. Equipped with only a notepad, binoculars and a passion for wildlife, Goodall opened the world's eyes to humankind's closest living relatives. 

Her incredible field research spans over 60 years and has redefined species conservation to include the needs of both local people and the environment, as well as showing the world how to protect chimpanzees from extinction. 

In 1977, Dr Goodall founded the Jane Goodall Institute, an international community that drives conservation. She's now an activist who speaks about the plight of wild chimpanzees and the environmental crisis, urging us all to take action.

ISATOU CEESAY, THE GAMBIA

Known in The Gambia as the "Queen of Plastic", Isatou Ceesay has been empowering women there to recycle plastic waste, the country's biggest pollutant, for 17 years. 

Along with four others, Ceesay initiated a recycling project called One Plastic Bag in 1998 near her native village, which aimed to educate communities on the necessity to reclaim waste and turn it into revenue. Every week, members of the Women Initiative The Gambia (WIG) produce craft wallets, bags and balls for children using the reclaimed plastic bags which they cut, knit and sew. The group has amassed more than 2,000 members in 40 different communities throughout the country with many communities now opting to use paper bags in local stores.

ELLEN MACARTHUR, UK

Having become the fastest solo sailor to circumnavigate the globe in 2005, Dame Ellen MacArthur saw firsthand the negative impact of marine waste. She launched the Ellen MacArthur Foundation in 2010, which aims to reinvent traditional methods of production and consumption and create sustainable alternatives. 

In 2018, the foundation launched its New Plastics Economy Global Commitment in collaboration with UN Environment to eliminate plastic waste which saw big-name companies such as H&M Group, L'Oréal and Unilever commit to limiting or eradicating their plastic packaging.

PAUL WATSON, CANADA 

Watson was an early member of Greenpeace International (founded in 1971). During his years with the organization, he often employed daring and innovative tactics to defend wildlife from hunters, such as positioning his inflatable Zodiac boat between a pod of sperm whales and the harpoon of a large Soviet whaling vessel or forcing sealing ships to a halt by standing on the ice in their path. He also was known to handcuff himself to a pile of seal pelts being hoisted up onto a sealing vessel. 

Watson shared his passion for animals and the environment through his involvement with numerous other organizations, including Defenders of Wildlife, Friends of the Wolf, Fund for Animals, the Royal Society for the Protection of Animals, and the Sierra Club, of which he was director (2003–06).

WILLIAM (BILL) MCKIBBEN, AMERICA

Bill McKibben is an American environmentalist, author, and journalist who has written extensively on the impact of global warming. 

 Bill McKibben is also a Schumann Distinguished Scholar at Middlebury College. In 2007, with six Middlebury College students, McKibben set up Step It Up 2007, which organized more than 1400 climate change demonstrations across the United States. He now leads a similar campaign on a global basis with the group 350.org, and in 2011 he led the fight to stop the Keystone Pipeline project.

ANGELA MERKEL, GERMAN CHANCELLOR

Angela Merkel is quite vocal in matters of climate change and an advocate of green living on a global stage. She stands among the few with a grasp of what failed humanity means and an avid player remaining to hammer out the 1997 Kyoto global warming agreement. Under her leadership, Germany is spearheading climate change policies. The country wants 40% cuts within 13 years without resorting to nuclear power.

MARINA SILVA, BRAZIL

Marina, a Brazilian environmentalist, spent most of her childhood collecting rubber from the Amazon forest. She demonstrated against the destruction of wrought by illegal loggers. Under her watch deforestation has reduced by over 70% with millions of reserves given to traditional communities.

"Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world; indeed, it’s the only thing that ever has." 

- Margaret Mead

IMPORTANCE OF GOING GREEN

Going green has huge effects on our body, mind, relationships, and the world around us in many ways. Our environment can either increase or reduce stress; hence impact the body. The things we see, experience or hear can change our mood and how our immune, endocrine, and nervous system function.

A stressful environment causes anxiety which in turn elevates blood pressure, muscle tension, and heart rate and going green reverses these impacts. A natural environment is a stress reliever, it heals and makes you feel better emotionally and contributes to your physical wellbeing. It helps us cope with pain. This is because trees, water, plants and other natural elements distract us from pain and discomfort.

A green environment also helps us to connect with others. People who have green space around their homes build more relationships and are concerned about supporting each other. Such also lowers aggression, violence, and street crime between people meaning a better capacity to cope with the daily demands. 

Going green creates a healthy living environment and also improves lifestyle. 

Reduce resources consumption and eliminate wastes.

Conserve natural resources and forests.

Maintain the natural ecological balance on earth so that all living things can survive and thrive in their natural habitat.

Use of fossil fuels like petroleum, natural gas, and coal, and burning wood produce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), and many harmful chemicals that pollute the air and have serious consequences on environment and people's health.

Such measures can save lives, because air pollution has become "a major environmental health risk," according to the World Health Organization (WHO), that has led to the premature death of 3 million people. Decreasing air pollutants would reduce water pollution by decreasing acid rain and eutrophication that can harm to wildlife especially in aquatic environments, and crops and trees report Massachusetts' Department of Environmental Protection.

Save Biodiversity and Human Livelihoods.

These are just some of the importance of going green, there are countless more economic, environmental and personal benefits of going green and living a sustainable life. 

How to Go Green.

 In this chapter we shall look at some of the simple ways we can adopt to a sustainable lifestyle.

 If you want to “go Green”, you’re not expected to do everything to day, you can't suddenly transform your life 180.  If you try to do that, most likely you’ll give up due to the overwhelming-ness of it all.  Just make a few small changes in your daily life to begin to go green.

For example, recycling is a huge way to begin to go green and do your part to encourage re-usable resources.  Instead of plastic, paper, aluminum and glass ending up in a landfill, it can be re purposed and used again.  By recycling, you are “going Green”.

Another to go green is when your cleaning products run out, try to replace them with products that are “organic” or “chemically free”.  When you use products containing harmful chemicals, the chemicals get washed down the drain and end up back in our water sources.

When you’re in the market for a new vehicle, look for one that is more fuel efficient.  You don’t need to sell your existing car now to go green.  Remember, small steps.  

Here are some small steps you can follow:

• When your batteries run out, replace them with rechargeable batteries.  The electrical energy is used and than the battery can be re-used after its charging.
• When your gas powered lawn mower gives out, look for an electric one. 
• While shopping at the grocery store, bring your own canvas sacks instead of taking home their plastic bags.
• Shop at Farmer’s Markets.  Purchasing from local farmers keeps money in the local economy.
• Ride your bike instead of driving when you’re able.
• Turn off your tap water while brushing your teeth and turn off lights when they are not necessary.
• Set your thermostat a few degrees lower in the winter and a few degrees higher in the summer to save on heating and cooling costs.
• Unplug appliances when you’re not using them. Or, use a smart” power strip that senses when appliances are off.
• Wash clothes in cold water whenever possible. As much as 85 percent of the energy used to machine-wash clothes goes to heating the water.  Use a drying rack or clothesline to save the energy otherwise used during machine drying.
• Skip buying bottled water and purchase a re-usable water bottle, preferably aluminum rather than plastic, to use and refill.
• Create a compost pile for use in your garden.
• Shop re-sale for clothing and use your local library to borrow books.
• Buy in bulk. Purchasing food from bulk bins can save money and packaging.
• Keep your cell phones, computers and other electronics as long as possible then donate or recycle them responsibly when the time comes.  
• The more you do online, the less you need paper. Think about if you can send emails instead of letters or if you need to print files or if you can save them on your computer 
• One of the simplest ways to reduce energy consumption is to switch lights off when you leave a room. If it’s sunny outside open up the blinds and make the most of natural light instead.
•  Reuse before recycle
• Both in services and offices make sure computers are switched off when you’re not using them rather than just leaving them on standby – you’d be amazed how much energy this saves!
• Bringing lunches to work in reusable containers is probably the greenest (and healthiest) way to eat at work. Buying lunches everyday almost inevitably ends up with a miniature mountain of packaging waste and is way more expensive than making your own too!
•  Plant a simple backyard garden.  It’s good to remember where our food originates, and it doesn’t have to be huge or complicated.

At The Seed of Life Foundation we encourage sustainability all round, and encourage adopting a sustainable lifestyle. Keeping that in mind take a look at our Baby Steps Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vnMJNpI5rqg and  -1 initiative video on YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sACJ4cmJE4o&t=7s

Importance of Waste Management

 The goal of Zero Waste is to:

• Maximize recycling
• Minimize waste
• Reduce consumption
• Ensure products are made to be reused, repaired, or recycled
• Purchase sustainable products 
• The protection of the environment and the health of the population.
• waste management and recycling collection can help conserve our planet’s natural beauty which can be flawed by thoughtless disposal of waste, fly-tipping and senseless littering.
• Economic benefits through creating employment. 

Zero Waste systems reduce greenhouse gases by:

• Saving energy -- especially by reducing energy consumption associated with extracting, processing, and transporting raw materials and waste
• Reducing and eventually eliminating the need for landfills and incinerators

THE 5 Rs OF ZERO WASTE MANAGEMENT ( Part 1)

Waste contributes to the pollution of our oceans and lakes, and it increases the greenhouse gas effect that causes global warming. It is no longer good enough to buy plastic and feel ok because you recycle it. It is time to refuse, reduce and reuse first.

The world uses half a million straws every day.

It is estimated that 4 trillion plastic bags are used worldwide annually. Only 1% of plastic bags are returned for recycling. All that waste can be eliminated by switching to reusable shopping bags. Plastic carrier bags are used on average for 12 minutes, it takes at least 500 years for those bags to degrade in landfill. Unfortunately, these bags don’t break down completely, instead they photo-degrade. This means that they become micro plastics that absorb and release toxins that continue to pollute the environment long after they have ‘degraded’.

In 2016 the worlds plastic production totaled around 335million metric tons, roughly half of this was destined for single use product.

Single use plastics often do not even make it to landfill, on average 30% of the 78million tons of plastic packaging produced annually is left to flow into our oceans – this is the equivalent to pouring 1 truck of plastic into the ocean every minute! This is expected to increase by 2 per minute by 2030 and 4 per minute in 2050. This means that by the year 2050 there could be more plastic in the ocean than fish!

500 billion disposable cups are consumed every year. Styrofoam cannot be completely recycled. Most of the Styrofoam disposed of today will still be present in landfills 500 years from now.

So how can you make a difference? There are 5 R’s of waste management that you can use to help cut down your carbon footprint and the negative impact on our planet.

1. Refuse – Learn How to Say No and Mean It

The first step of the 5 R process. And a difficult one. 

The best and most effective way of eliminating waste in your life is refusing to create it in the first place. It is about being conscious about what you consume and refusing what you don’t actually need. 

 Things like carrier bags, disposable coffee cups, cutlery and straws are the biggest culprits. They are a part of our daily lives and we often receive and use them without thinking about it but these products are mostly made from plastic and after one use most end up in landfill or, through improper disposal, our oceans. 

So start making smarter buying decisions be it personally or for business , and say no to plastic and non recyclable waste. Go for reusable containers or bags, metal/wooden straws and carry your refillable coffee mug or bottle.

Here are lots of other ways you can refuse by saying no:

- Flyers and business cards: If you’re offered one, take a picture of it using your phone, thereby negating the need for the physical item.

- Marketing freebies: We all like to receive things for free, but learn to say no if you don’t need them. Just because it’s free, don’t take that as a reason to accept it. Marketing freebies, such as pens and USB drives, are brilliant examples. If you know you won’t use them, leave them for someone who will. -

- Chemical cleaners and air fresheners: These might seem like essential items, but you can make them at home with things you’ve already got in your cupboard.

- Single-use plastics and disposables: Included in this section are straws, cutlery, and plastic bags.

Produce wrapped in plastic: Send a message to the supermarkets and only choose products that aren’t wrapped in plastic or netting. Shop for produce at your local farmer’s market, greengrocers, local food co-op, or direct from the farm. 

- Free bottles of water: When you attend a conference or are flying, say no to the free bottle of water and take your own reusable water bottle instead. 

- Junk mail: Stick a ‘no junk mail’ notice on your letter box to stop paper deliveries.

2. Reduce – Learn to Let Go

Reducing your consumption is all about the virtue of conservation and the notion of doing more with less. Reducing waste is the most important thing we can do. By reducing waste, we avoid the unnecessary use of resources such as materials, energy and water. It means there is less waste to manage.

“Reduce” in the context of zero waste might mean letting go of items in the house that you no longer need, and donating, selling or upcycling them. Then you can alleviate clutter and create space.

“Reducing” might also mean shopping with a purpose and focusing on necessary purchases as opposed to random splurges on things that you don’t really need.

So how can we reduce waste?

- Buy in bulk to reduce packaging

- Take a reusable shopping bag with you so you don't have to use a paper or plastic bag from the shop

- Say ‘no’ to a plastic shopping bag when you only have a couple of items

- Choose products that use less packaging 

- Buy reusable items rather than disposable ones

- Stick a "no junk mail" sign on your letter box

- Take your lunch to school in a reusable container.

Zero-Waste History

 Throughout most of history, the amount of waste generated by humans was insignificant due to low levels of population density and exploitation of natural resources. Common waste produced during pre-modern times was mainly ashes and human biodegradable waste, and these were released back into the ground locally, with minimum environmental impact. Tools made out of wood or metal were generally reused or passed down through the generations.

Early waste disposal ; In ancient cities, wastes were thrown onto unpaved streets and roadways, where they were left to accumulate. It was not until 320 BCE in Athens that the first known law forbidding this practice was established. At that time a system for waste removal began to evolve in Greece and in the Greek-dominated cities of the eastern Mediterranean. In ancient Rome, property owners were responsible for cleaning the streets fronting their property. But organized waste collection was associated only with state-sponsored events such as parades. Disposal methods were very crude, involving open pits located just outside the city walls. As populations increased, efforts were made to transport waste farther out from the cities.

After the fall of Rome, waste collection and municipal sanitation began a decline that lasted throughout the Middle Ages. Near the end of the 14th century, scavengers were given the task of carting waste to dumps outside city walls. But this was not the case in smaller towns, where most people still threw waste into the streets. It was not until 1714 that every city in England was required to have an official scavenger. Toward the end of the 18th century in America, municipal collection of garbage was begun in Boston, New York City, and Philadelphia. 

References: 

-https://datatopics.worldbank.org/what-a-waste/trends_in_solid_waste_management.html#:~:text=Globally%2C%20most%20waste%20is%20currently,with%20landfill%20gas%20collection%20systems.

- http://www.romesightseeing.net/the-history-of-plumbing-pompeii-and-herculaneum

ZERO WASTE MANAGEMENT PART 2

Waste management (or waste disposal) includes the activities and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal. This includes the collection, transport, treatment and disposal of waste, together with monitoring and regulation of the waste management process.

Waste management deals with all types of waste, including industrial, biological and household. In some cases, waste can pose a threat to human health.

Waste is produced by human activity, for example, the extraction and processing of raw materials.]

Waste management is intended to reduce adverse effects of waste on human health, the environment or aesthetics.

Zero Waste is a whole system approach to resource management centered on reducing, reusing, and recycling. 

Zero waste management means the holistic concept of waste management which recognizes waste as a resource produced during the interim phase of the process of resource consumption. Zero waste strategies may be applied to companies, to communities, industrial sectors, to schools, and homes since they include many stakeholders, not only those of the environment, but also technological aspects. 

Proper management of waste is important for building sustainable and livable cities, but it remains a challenge for many developing countries and cities.

There are 5 types of wastes: 

1. Liquid Waste

- Liquid waste is commonly found both in households as well as in industries. This waste includes dirty water, organic liquids, wash water, waste detergents and even rainwater.

2. Solid Rubbish

- Solid rubbish can include a variety of items found in your household along with commercial and industrial locations. 

- These can be; Plastic waste which consists of bags, containers, jars, bottles and many other products that can be found in your household. Plastic is not biodegradable, but many types of plastic can be recycled. Plastic should not be mix in with your regular waste, it should be sorted and placed in your recycling bin.

- Paper/card waste which includes packaging materials, newspapers, cardboards and other products. Paper can easily be recycled and reused. 

- Tins and metals which can be found in various forms throughout your home. Most metals can be recycled. 

- Ceramics and glass which can easily be recycled. 

3. Organic Waste

- Organic waste is another common household. All food waste, garden waste, manure and rotten meat are classified as organic waste. Over time, organic waste is turned into manure by microorganisms. However, this does not mean that you can dispose them anywhere.

- Organic waste in landfills causes the production of methane, so it must never be simply discarded with general waste.

4. Recyclable Rubbish

- Recyclable rubbish includes all waste items that can be converted into products that can be used again. Solid items such as paper, metals, furniture and organic waste can all be recycled. 

- If you’re unsure whether an item is recyclable or not, look at the packaging or the diagrams on the lid of your yellow recycling bin. Most products will explicitly state whether they are recyclable or not.

5. Hazardous Waste

- Hazardous waste includes all types of rubbish that are flammable, toxic, corrosive and reactive.

-These items can harm you as well as the environment and must be disposed of correctly. 

ZERO WASTE MANAGEMENT

 What is Zero Waste?

There is an urgent need of setting a new goal for how we live in the world; one that aims to reduce what we trash in landfills and incinerators to zero and to rebuild our local economies in support of community health, sustainability, and justice. This is where zero-waste management comes in. 

So what really is zero waste?

At its most basic level, zero waste is about significantly reducing (and eventually completely eliminating) the amount of resources that we send to disposal. Most of what we now waste can be safely and economically recycled, reused, composted, or turned into biogas through anaerobic digestion. We also need to simply use fewer disposable products and redesign our products so that they are toxic-free and built to last. 

But zero waste is about much more.

It’s really about redefining the system. We currently live in an economy where we take resources from the earth and then dump them in a giant hole in the ground (back to the earth). 

The goal of zero waste is to move to an economy where we write trash out of existence. So that there is no trash in nature. Instead of discarding resources, we create a system where all resources can be resumed fully back into the system.

We can hence conclude that, Zero Waste is a philosophy, a strategy, and a set of practical tools seeking to eliminate waste, not manage it. 

A huge thanks to all those who commented from on our Facebook page. Here is their your takes on Zero Waste: 

Resom Tesfamariam -

I think the concept of zero waste is clear, the challenge is how to start practicing it? What institution is needed? What system has to be install? Expertise required? Capital and what is the source of capital? etc. Are the most challenging issues in developing countries.

Rashidah Aasim Asad - 

Using environmentally friendly products and we recycle

POLLUTION CONTROL

The presence of environmental pollution raises the issue of pollution control. Pollution control is the process of reducing or eliminating the release of pollutants into the environment . It is regulated by various environmental agencies which establish pollutant discharge limits for air, water, and land.

Pollution prevention (P2) is any practice that reduces, eliminates, or prevents pollution at its source. P2, also known as "source reduction," is the ounce-of-prevention approach to waste management. Reducing the amount of pollution produced means less waste to control, treat, or dispose of. Less pollution means less hazards posed to public health and the environment.

Everyone is a stakeholder as we are all inhabitants of this one and only mother Earth. Each person can contribute something to advance environmental pollution mitigation measures. Environmental protection means caring for our resources and subsequently for ourselves and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come will have a better environment.

By becoming aware and doing the right action, we choose to be part of the solution. Here are a few reminders and tips to reduce/prevent/control pollution: 

• Stop smoking or at least follow the “No Smoking” sign.
• Use unleaded gasoline in your cars.
• Keep your car properly maintained to keep it in good running condition to avoid smoke emissions.
• Share a ride or engage in car pooling.
• Instead of using your cars, choose to walk or ride a bicycle whenever possible. With this eco-friendly practice, you will also be healthier and happier by staying fit.
• Never use open fires to dispose of wastes.
• Adopt the 3Rs of solid waste management: reduce, reuse and recycle. Inorganic materials such as metals, glass and plastic; also organic materials like paper, can be reclaimed and recycled. This takes into account that the proven solution to the problem of proper waste management (especially in third world countries) is proper disposal (in waste bins for collection and not in the street where it could fall into drains), waste segregation and collection, and recycling.
• Start composting brown leaves in your yard and green scraps from your kitchen. It will reduce waste while improving your yard and garden soils.
• Reconnect with nature. Live green by using green power supplied abundantly and freely by wind and the sun. Hang your laundry to dry to minimize use of gas or electricity from your dryers. Enjoy fresh air from open windows to lessen the use of air conditioning system.
• Patronize local foods and goods. In this manner, transporting goods and foods prepared with GMOs which uses fuel from conventional energy sources will be minimized.
• Use eco-friendly or biodegradable materials instead of plastic which are made up of highly toxic substances injurious to your health.
• Create your green space. Value your garden. Plant more trees and put indoor plants in your homes. They clean the air, provide oxygen and beautify your surroundings. Thus, care for them and by protecting them, especially the big trees around and in the forest, you protect yourself and your family, too.
• Have a proper waste disposal system especially for toxic wastes
• Take very good care of your pets and their wastes.
• Never throw, run or drain or dispose into the water, air, or land any substance in solid, liquid or gaseous form that shall cause pollution.
• Do not cause loud noises and unwanted sounds to avoid noise pollution.
• Do not litter in public places. Anti-litter campaigns can educate the populace.
• Industries should use fuel with lower sulphur content.
• Industries should monitor their air emissions regularly and take measures to ensure compliance with the prescribed emission standards.
• Industries should strictly follow applicable government regulations on pollution control.
• Organic waste should be dumped in places far from residential areas.
• Conserve energy - at home, at work, everywhere.
• Look for the ENERGY STAR label when buying home or office equipment.
• Follow gasoline refueling instructions for efficient vapor recovery, being careful not to spill fuel and always tightening your gas cap securely. Consider purchasing portable gasoline containers labeled “spill-proof,” where available.
• Keep car, boat, and other engines properly tuned.
• Be sure your tires are properly inflated.
• Use environmentally safe paints and cleaning products whenever possible.
• Consider using gas logs instead of wood.

 Change starts from us. 

A small action done by many can make a huge difference. 

Leave a better world than what you came into.

The best gift to our children is a cleaner environment.

Together let us protect our home. 

POLLUTION

What is pollution?



It is the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects.



 Environmental pollution is the addition of any substance (solid, liquid, or gas) or any form of energy (such as heat, sound, or radioactivity) to the environment at a rate faster than it can be dispersed, diluted, decomposed, recycled, or stored in some harmless form. 



Pollution of all kinds can have negative effects on the environment and wildlife and often impacts human health and well-being.



We will be focusing more about the types and effects on pollution in our coming chapters.



Here is a little history about pollution:



Cities of ancient times were often noxious places, fouled by human wastes and debris. Beginning about 1000 CE, the use of coal for fuel caused considerable air pollution, and the conversion of coal to coke for iron smelting beginning in the 17th century exacerbated the problem. In Europe, from the Middle Ages well into the early modern era, unsanitary urban conditions favored the outbreak of population-decimating epidemics of disease, from plague to cholera and typhoid fever. Through the 19th century, water and air pollution and the accumulation of solid wastes were largely problems of congested urban areas. But, with the rapid spread of industrialization and the growth of the human population to unprecedented levels, pollution became a universal problem.



By the middle of the 20th century, an awareness of the need to protect air, water, and land environments from pollution had developed among the general public. In particular, the publication in 1962 of Rachel Carson’s book Silent Spring focused attention on environmental damage caused by improper use of pesticides such as DDT and other persistent chemicals that accumulate in the food chain and disrupt the natural balance of ecosystems on a wide scale. In response, major pieces of environmental legislation, such as the Clean Air Act (1970) and the Clean Water Act (1972; United States), were passed in many countries to control and mitigate environmental pollution.



Here are some of your take on pollution from Facebook:

 Alice Liddell  Pollution -

is everything that is not biodegradable made by man. 

Source : https://www.britannica.com/science/pollution-environment

PROTECTING EXISTING TREES part 2

In our last chapter, we listed down the dangers to existing plants and trees and what can damage or kill them. Since we have figured that out we now focus on how to protect them. We will list down the points and highlight others in the coming chapters.

Here is how we can protect plants/trees that are already there:

• Use less paper 
• Prevent unwarranted tree cutting 
• Finding an alternative to the use of wood
• Educating people on the benefits of trees
• Population control
• Curbing industrialization 
• Reducing mining and other harmful activities that lead to natural disasters such as floods and cyclones
• Avoid driving nails into trees to hand bird feeds
• Don't unnecessary pull barks of trees, hit or bend them 
• When moving the lawn avoid bumping of scraping into trees
• Support NGOs that specialize in protecting forests or those that  monitor activities to prevent and control forest fires, insect infestations and disease epidemic

Above all love your trees. Just like any other living organism trees need love and care to survive. 

REASONS FOR PLANTING TREES

There are infinite amount of reasons for planting trees however, we are going to list some of the major ones :

• Trees improve air quality by producing oxygen. They also store carbon, offsetting harmful by products of fossil-fuel burning. 

• They moderate the effects of sun and wind, they clean the air by trapping dust, pollen and other pollutants. 

• Planted in the right places around buildings, trees can significantly reduce air-conditioning costs. Meaning less Freon (an inflammable and odorless chemical emitted from air conditioners) which is considered to have damaging effects to ozone layer.

• Trees generate jobs hence increasing the standard of living 

• Trees provide shelter and food for wildlife

• Landscape that includes trees help relax us, lower heart rater and reduce stress and anxiety 

• Trees regulate the water cycle. The water cycle is the process by which water falls to the ground as rain which is then absorbed by trees and other plants, then released back into the air. 

• Trees improve the soil quality. 

• Trees prevent soil erosion 

• Trees act as a food source

• As well as combating air pollution, trees have a role in combating the negative impact of noise pollution and light pollution.

• Trees fight climate change 

• Trees create a sense of place. Trees can give a place unique character and beauty that only can be found in that specific place. 

• Trees are an investment for our communities and for future generations

• Planting trees is a great way to add a touch of beautiful nature to your property and improve the aesthetics of a place. 

• Trees also trap dust in their leaves which helps with the overall health of an environment. Less dust means less respiratory issues. 

Here are contributions from The Seed of Life family on Facebook:

Leslie Shepherd -

To clean the air, provide shelter for insects and birds, lowers temperature around my house, preserves native species...

Maureen E Donovan- Mclaughlin -

To save our planet i.e. clean air, fertile soil, homes for wildlife and insects and to make our planet beautiful again. I want my descendants to have the joy of trees around them. I think that every older person should plant trees for posterity. I think that this quote says the best " The one who plants trees knowing that he will never sit in their shade, has at least started to understand the meaning of life" Rabindranath Tagore.

Crysta Enders Brock - 

So more birds have places to nest 

Jimmy Gatt -

A tree is "a meadow in the sky". You will get so much more nectar from a nectar bearing tree, with less effort, than you ever will by planting shrubs and forbs

Elaine Hines - 

Increased biodiversity, planting native trees 

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Part 6: INDIVIDUAL POLICIES

As discussed in our previous chapters, deforestation does more destruction than good for our environment and society. We will now focus on what measures we can put down for reforestation. In this chapter we focus on individual policies. What can you do to reduce deforestation and its negative effects.

1. Education

• Educating yourself and passing it on to others is the first step you can take towards reforestation. Get to know what deforestation is and its effect and the seriousness of how its affecting you and your future generations.
• Online material can be found from sites like National Geographic. Books available include Global Deforestation by Paolo D'Odorico and Forests and Climate Change: The Social Dimensions of REDD in Latin America by Anthony Hall. Alternatively you can listen to podcasts with Thomas Mann or Jonah Busch regarding deforestation or watch YouTube videos regarding the same from National Geographic. 

2. Use Renewable Wood Resources

• Sustainable, locally sourced wood can be used and charcoal for cooking or heating homes is a great alternative to fossil fuels especially if locally sourced. 

3. Reduce Meat Consumption 

• The consumption of meat has a major effect on deforestation because producing meat, particularly beef, uses large amounts of land. In recent years, much of the new land for meat production has come from clearing tropical forests. 

4. Reduce Consumption of Palm-oil based Products

• Today palm oil production is the largest cause of deforestation in Indonesia and other equatorial countries with dwindling expanses of tropical rainforest. Indonesia's endangered orangutan population, which depends upon the rainforest, has dwindled by as much as 50% in recent years. 

5. Reduce the Use of Paper

• Instead use recycled paper products including printing paper, notebooks, napkins and toilet paper. 
• Adapt to simple habits such as trying to print or write on both sides of paper, using less toilet paper and avoiding paper plates and napkins in order to reduce paper wastage. 
• Use paper alternatives such as wood-free uncoated paper and cotton paper.  

 6. Purchase from sustainable companies

• Purchase from companies who are committed to reducing deforestation such as Nestlé, L'Oréal and Unilever. 

 7.  Plant Trees

• Planting a tree is one of the easiest and powerful methods of combating deforestation log onto https://www.the-sol-foundation.org/ to plant a tree from your personal space. 
• You can also own an indoor garden or take care of a potted plant and later release is to the forest. 

 8. Use bio-degradable products

• Buy recycled products or use products which you can recycle them. Be considerate and avoid wastage and responsibly dispose off waste ( Recycle them! ) 
• You can purchase products such as plantable pencils, handmade soaps and bamboo toothbrushes from Go Green with Chilo & Pri based in Mombasa, Kenya. 
• Other companies selling re-usable products include Worldcentric for biodegradable bags, dishware and cutlery, papelyco for plantable plates, Tipa for biodegradable flexible plastic among others. 

 9. Practice Zero-Waste

• Zero- waste means to generate little or no waste. We should buy only what we need and reuse whenever possible. Let us try to be considerate about our environment protecting our trees and helping those who cannot meet their basic needs by practicing zero waste in every aspect of our lives. 

There are many other ways that an individual can help save our beloved trees from being cut down. Remember charity begins from home and you need to practice these and more methods to conserve our environment before you tell others to do so.

Let us take a small initiative today towards reforestation and help make a difference in the lives of our coming generations.